“A neighbor said that the storm was coming”: social capital and older adults’ evacuation in the Bangladeshi coast

Purpose The increasingly frequent and severe cyclones experienced by vulnerable coastal communities in Bangladesh pose significant challenges to residents. This study explores the evacuation experiences of older adults during cyclones in coastal Bangladesh. Older adults are disproportionately vulnerable due to limited mobility and a high dependence on diverse social networks. The research examines how different forms of social capital shape the evacuation processes of older populations in rural coastal areas. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with older adults, community members and other actors involved in evacuation in cyclone-prone coastal regions. Observations were also used to complement data gathered through individual and group interviews. The analysis applies the concepts of bonding, bridging and linking social capital to understand their influence on evacuation decisions and practices. Findings We found that while older adults evacuate with the support of young family members, neighbors and close friends, local organizations are critical about disseminating evacuation-related information but provide limited direct assistance with evacuation. The findings highlight the complex interplay between diverse forms of social capital, which together shape older adults’ capacity to evacuate during cyclones. Originality/value This study advances disaster risk reduction scholarship by demonstrating the critical role of social capital in enabling evacuation among vulnerable older populations. It underscores the need for more inclusive evacuation strategies that strengthen community networks and enhance linkages between communities and formal organizations. These insights contribute to the design of policies and programs that can better protect older adults and similar vulnerable groups in Bangladesh and beyond.