Profiling of constituents from American Ginseng processed products using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap/MS and its effect on improving glucose and lipid metabolism in IR-HepG2 cells
Dried American ginseng and red American ginseng, common processed products of American ginseng with hypoglycaemic activity, are classified as functional foods. This study employed UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap/MS to analyse the chemical composition of their ethanol extracts (EDAG and ERAG), identifying 47 ginsenosides including 9 differential saponins (Rg<sub>1</sub>, Re, Rg<sub>2,</sub> Rb<sub>1</sub>, Rc, Rb<sub>2</sub>, Rd, Rg<sub>6,</sub> and 20(<i>R</i>)-Rg<sub>3</sub>), accounting for 12.16% and 19.11% of total saponins in EDAG and ERAG, respectively. Using an IR-HepG2 cell model, EDAG and ERAG significantly increased glucose consumption and glycogen content, while reducing triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels. Ginsenosides Rb<sub>1</sub>, Rc, Rb<sub>2</sub>, Rd, and 20(<i>R</i>)-Rg<sub>3</sub> normalised glucose metabolism; Rg<sub>2</sub>, Rb<sub>1</sub>, Rc, Rb<sub>2,</sub> and Rd ameliorated lipid metabolism disorders. Notably, ERAG showed stronger insulin resistance-improving activity than EDAG. This study provided theoretical support for the regulation of blood glucose by American ginseng and its processed products and aided the development of their functional foods.
Authors
- Jiyu Gong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8573-1870)
- Liwen Liang
- Wenyi Gao
- Yunlong Guo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7986-2337)
- Jing Ye (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2357-7975)
- Yu Geng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-7950)
Institutions
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University (CN)
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Natural Product Research
- Published
- 2025-10-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2025.2575124
- Primary Topic
- Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00