Magnetic Fields as Biophysical Modulators of Anticancer Drug Action

Magnetic fields (MFs), including static (SMFs) and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs), have recently emerged as potential modulators of anticancer drug responses. Evidence indicates that MFs can influence membrane transport, oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation, thereby altering the efficacy of chemotherapeutics and targeted agents. These effects are strongly dependent on MFs’ parameters and biological context, leading to synergistic, antagonistic and no-effect outcomes. However, inconsistent exposure protocols, limited reproducibility, and scarce clinical validation remain major obstacles. This review highlights current experimental findings, proposes mechanistic links between MFs and drug action, and outlines key challenges for advancing MF-based adjuvant strategies in oncology.