Surface microhardness of three Bulk Fill resin composites previously exposed to five carbonated beverages at different times: an in vitro study

This study highlights the susceptibility of Bulk Fill resin composites to acidic degradation caused by carbonated beverages. While short-term exposure resulted in variable effects depending on the resin type, prolonged immersion consistently led to a reduction in surface microhardness across all materials tested. These findings suggest that the chemical composition of each resin influences its resistance to erosive challenges. Although this is an in vitro study, the results may provide a basis for future investigations into how acidic diets could influence the long-term performance of Bulk Fill composites in the oral environment.