Maternal infection – but not inflammation – is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms during childhood: a population-based cohort study
Our findings suggest that maternal fever and infections during pregnancy are linked to offspring ADHD symptomatology. The standardized effect size was smaller than that of other reported perinatal risk factors for ADHD. Cytokine levels and CRP as markers for chronic inflammation were not associated with ADHD.
Authors
- Anna‐Sophie Rommel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4121-8631)
- Milan Zarchev (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2043-8566)
- Manon H. J. Hillegers (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4877-282X)
- Frederieke Gigase (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5476-8814)
- Charlotte A. M. Cecil (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2389-5922)
- Anna Suleri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4860-7277)
- Lot D. de Witte (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7235-9958)
- Veerle Bergink (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4495-4762)
- Luz H. Ospina (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5808-0897)
- Ryan L. Muetzel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3215-1287)
Institutions
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Radboud University Medical Center (NL)
- Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Brain Behavior and Immunity
- Published
- 2025-10-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2025.106134
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.88
Funders
- National Institutes of Health