Experimental Study on the Structural Dynamic Response of an Offshore Electrical Platform During Mating Process in Float-Over Installation

As offshore wind power moves into deeper waters, large-scale electrical platforms are key to efficient power transmission. However, their heavy topside modules create major installation challenges. As traditional lifting methods are inadequate, the float-over method has become a viable solution for installing topside modules, but it is essential to study the structural responses to collisions during the process to ensure construction and equipment safety. This study establishes a physical model of the offshore converter station at a 1:65 scale based on the elastic force-gravity similarity principle. Assuming the barge carrying the topside module descends at a constant speed, the study investigates the dynamic response of the platform during the float-over mating process. Float-over collision tests are conducted to obtain the platform’s acceleration, strain, and displacement responses and to analyze the effects of collision speed, offset position, and Leg Mating Unit (LMU) stiffness on the dynamic structural response characteristics. The results show that as collision speed increases from 10 mm/s to 50 mm/s, the topside acceleration response increases up to 5.7 times. Beam strain remains mostly unchanged, and displacement increases first, then decreases. Under fixed descent velocity, x-offset increases jacket strain and converter valve acceleration, while y-offset raises platform acceleration and reduces valve acceleration by approximately 20 percent. At 50 mm/s, higher LMU stiffness causes the acceleration response to first drop, then rise. These findings support safe float-over installation.