Amalgamation and assessment of biosynthesized nanoparticles from the flower extract of Cassia auriculata L Roxb for the management of skin aging

Global warming, pollution, unpredicted climatic and atmospheric changes, contamination of physical and biological components are the several factors affect the environment especially air. Unexpected exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sunlight and polluted environment can create several damages in the skin. Our Current research illustrates the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from methanol extract of Cassia auriculata flower its characterization. Subsequently, formulated topical gel formulation with biosynthesized AgNPs and investigated for its physicochemical properties and its anti-aging potential. Total phenolic content and anti-oxidant potential were measured by Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method and DPPH method. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by green synthesis process, further developed topical gel formulation and characterized for its physicochemical properties. Antiaging potential of the developed formulation was assessed based on elastase inhibition activity. Preliminary phytoconstituents analysis ensured the presence of several secondary metabolites in the extract. Biosynthesis of AgNPs was confirmed by its surface plasma resonance peak at 447 nm and its average particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential, which are witnessed to be 205.7 nm, 0.199 and − 28.8 mV respectively. SEM images highlighted that the biosynthesised AgNPs are in irregular morphology, spherical, and aggregated NPs. The synthesised silver nanoparticle exhibits anti-oxidant activity with IC50 value of 52.75 µg/mL. Spreadability, pH and viscosity of the developed topical gel formulations made with HPMC, Carbopol and Xanthan gum were found between 6.9 and 7.3 (g.cm/sec); 6.7–6.82 and 6350–6600 cps respectively. The anti-elastase assay showed good elastase inhibition effect with IC50 value 66.81 µg/mL. The present research study results highlighted that silver nanoparticles biosynthesis process is simple, rapid and environmental-friendly; further the developed topical gel demonstrated to have very good anti-elastase activity. The present study results demonstrated that the developed formulation can be used in protecting the skin from early aging due to UV radiation.