Clinical profile of non-fatal suicidal behaviour in adolescents

Objectives: The objective is to describe the clinical profile of children admitted for non-fatal suicidal behaviour (NFSB). NFSB refers to self-inflicted harm or injury with or without fatal intent, and is a growing concern in paediatric care. It is one of the major risk factors for completed suicide. Material and Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted between September 2022 and March 2024 at K C General Hospital. Children aged 8–17 years admitted for NFSB were assessed using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale at admission and 6 months after follow-up. Results: The study included 68 children (60% aged 17 years, 64% females). Common methods of NFSB were chemical ingestion (53%) and drug overdose (46%). The primary trigger was parental scolding (54%), and 37% of the participants reported suicidal intent. A significant association was found between past suicidal behaviour and intent to die ( p value = 0.0001) and also between intent to die and lethality of the act ( p value = 0.001). Follow-up after psychotherapy showed a significant reduction in suicidal ideation ( p value < 0.001). Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of early identification, comprehensive assessment and continuous psychiatric support in managing NFSB among children and adolescents. Preventive strategies, such as awareness campaigns and school-based mental health programs, are crucial in reducing the incidence of NFSB and improving mental health outcomes for at-risk children.