Sentiment Analysis on Social Networks for the 2024 Election in Mexico Using Machine Learning Algorithms

Social networks have transformed the practice of free speech, providing platforms where individuals can share opinions and discuss a wide variety of topics without the conventional constraints imposed by traditional media. On these platforms, discussing topics related to politics can be conducted directly and bluntly as long as the norms of the groups involved are met. Among these networks, Reddit stands out as a forum where users actively participate in open debates, discussions, content rating, and the dissemination of opinions on current news or trending topics. This constitutes a valuable dataset of opinions. In this paper, deep learning algorithms based on transformer models are used to explore and understand the dynamics of opinions during the 2024 election process in Mexico. Our results show that these models are a useful tool for the analysis of sentiments and emotions expressed in social media and help to identify the polarity of opinions and the underlying emotions of potential voters.