Dual-Functional Piezoelectric Metamaterial Beam for Low-Frequency Vibration Suppression and Energy Harvesting

Piezoelectric metamaterials have attracted considerable interest for their potential in vibration suppression and energy harvesting under complex and dynamic environments, owing to their tunable bandgap mechanism and piezoelectric effect. This study introduces a dual-functional unimorph piezo-meta-beam designed for low-frequency vibration suppression and energy harvesting, achieved through tunable bandgap and energy localization. The band structure of the piezo-meta-beam was analyzed using the transfer matrix method, and the effects of circuit parameters on bandgap characteristics were systematically investigated under different resonant shunting circuit configurations, including series inductor-resistor shunt circuit, series inductor-resistor-capacitor shunting circuit, and series inductor-resistor with parallel capacitor shunting circuit. Numerical simulations demonstrated the vibration suppression and energy harvesting performance of the finite periodic structure of the piezo-meta-beam. Experimental results further validated the accuracy of the theoretical models and simulations. It is found that under identical circuit parameters, the series [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] shunt circuit exhibits a higher attenuation constant, while the series [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] with a parallel [Formula: see text] shunt circuit achieves a lower bandgap. The introduction of a capacitor enhances the system’s frequency tuning capability and increases the flexibility of bandgap design. However, the shunting effect of the capacitor reduces the output voltage across the PZT patches. By strategically tuning the shunt circuit configurations and corresponding parameters, the proposed system exhibits tunable bandgap properties that enable effective dual functionality in both vibration suppression and energy harvesting. These findings contribute to advancing the development of dual-functional metamaterials.