Resisting methadone: criminal subculture and methadone implementation in Moldovan prisons

This study is among the first studies, to the best of the authors' knowledge, to capture how criminal subcultures reshape the implementation and meaning of MMT in Eastern European prisons. These findings underscore the need for future implementation efforts to engage with the social, economic and material logics of criminal subculture, enabling MMT programs to emerge that are independent of custodial control.