Artificial Intelligence–Detected Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Outcomes in Anti–PD-1–Based Treated Melanoma
In this cohort study, among patients with advanced melanoma, higher levels of AI-detected TILs on pretreatment hematoxylin-eosin slides were independently associated with improved ICI response and survival. Given the accessibility of TIL scoring on routine histology, TILs may serve as a biomarker for ICI outcomes. To facilitate broader validation, the Hover-NeXt architecture and model weights are publicly available.
Authors
- Mark Schuiveling (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2631-7271)
- Isabella A.J. van Duin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9583-7115)
- Mitko Veta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1711-3098)
- Geke A.P. Hospers (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3047-7892)
- John B.A.G. Haanen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5884-7704)
- Willeke A.M. Blokx (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4647-8830)
- Jan Willem B. de Groot (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1043-5011)
- Djura Piersma (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-0296)
- Ellen Kapiteijn (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4814-6426)
- Femke Burgers (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7279-9216)
- Laurens S. ter Maat
- Josien P. W. Pluim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7327-9178)
- Rik J. Verheijden (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1966-1063)
- Anne M.R. Schrader (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3483-0558)
- Hans M. Westgeest (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5735-3638)
- J. C. van der Weerd
- Alfons J.M. van den Eertwegh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-1233)
- Gerben Eise Breimer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0365-3667)
- Karijn P.M. Suijkerbuijk (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3604-5430)
- Christian U. Blank (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7945-5846)
- Paul J. van Diest
- Franchette van den Berkmortel
- Gerard Vreugdenhil
- Marye J. Boers‐Sonderen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9624-9189)
Institutions
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- University of Groningen (NL)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
- Medisch Spectrum Twente (NL)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CH)
- Radboud University Medical Center (NL)
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute (NL)
- University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
- Amphia Ziekenhuis (NL)
- Oncode Institute (NL)
- Máxima Medisch Centrum (NL)
- Zuyderland Medisch Centrum (NL)
- Isala (NL)
- Cancer Center Amsterdam (NL)
- Eindhoven University of Technology (NL)
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
Publication Details
- Journal
- JAMA Oncology
- Published
- 2025-10-16
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.4072
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.05