Trauma-induced intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula forming through a skull fracture: a case demonstrating radiologic evidence of angiogenesis

Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is an intracranial vascular malformation characterized by the absence of a nidus structure. It is typically supplied by meningeal arteries and drains into the dural venous sinuses or cortical veins. The etiology of DAVF is unclear, but it is mainly considered idiopathic, with proposed potential causes including venous thrombosis, hypercoagulable diseases, iatrogenic factors, infection, and radiation. Trauma is one of the causes of DAVF. However, there are few reports of DAVF caused by trauma compared to other etiologies. No reports, to the best of our knowledge, have yet described the formation of traumatic DAVF through a skull fracture cleft, as depicted by a 3-dimensional angiographic imaging modality. We present a case of DAVF following a skull base fracture, as depicted by a 3-dimensional imaging modality. Transvenous coil embolization was performed, and tinnitus resolved completely.