Incidence Along With Clinical Implications of Various Morphological Forms of Genial Tubercles in Adult Mandibles

Mandible possesses body and ramus. Body of mandible consists of outer and inner surfaces. The inner surface of mandible encompasses bony projections known as genial tubercles in the midline. Standard textbooks of Anatomy describe 4 genial tubercles occurring in pairs. But these differ in number, incidence, and morphology as observed in various studies in the literature. The varied Anatomy of genial tubercles is used as an anatomical landmark clinically before implant surgeries, which makes study important. Aim of study is to elaborate incidence of varied morphological forms of genial tubercle and correlate with clinical implications. The study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy using 40 mandibles. Only adult mandibles were included in the study. The genial tubercles were observed by visual inspection, and incidences were calculated using Microsoft Excel 2021. The genial tubercles are classified into 5 types in the literature. According to this classification, the most common type was type III, followed by type IV. The least common type was type II. The number of genial tubercles ranges between 0 and 4. The information will be of paramount importance to maxillofacial surgeons, radiologists, prosthodontists, and general dentists in averting preoperative and postoperative complications.