Approach to Urinary Tract Infection in Perimenopausal Female

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a prevalent health issue that poses a considerable global burden. It occurs twice as frequently in females compared to males, with women in the perimenopausal age group being particularly affected. This increased susceptibility is largely attributed to age-related anatomical and physiological changes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of UTIs in perimenopausal women, focusing on the impact of declining estrogen levels and other contributing factors that predispose the urogenital tract to recurrent infections. In addition, the paper outlines a diagnostic and treatment approach that supports antibiotic stewardship, aiming to minimize long-term complications. Various antibiotic regimens, including intravesical therapies, as well as nonantimicrobial treatment options such as vaginal estrogen therapy and vaccines, are also discussed.