Vulvar Carcinoma in a Patient with Sarcoidosis: A Case Report

Vulvar carcinoma represents a rare event among gynecological malignancies. Its correlation with infection by human papillomavirus is well established with regard to younger patients. On the other hand, there is the oncogenic pathway that usually affects patients over the sixth decade of life and who live with inflammatory conditions in the vulva. This paper reports the case of a 66-year-old female patient, undergoing immunosuppressive treatment for pulmonary and peritoneal sarcoidosis, under medical follow-up for about a year for itching and burning in the vulvar region, with a diagnosis of scleroatrophic lichen. For that condition, the patient used topical corticosteroid therapy and then started laser therapy on a new lesion (approximately 1 cm) in the region of the root of the clitoris. A resection was performed to establish a more accurate diagnosis. The anatomopathological analysis diagnosed an invasive squamous cell carcinoma, a type of neoplasm that requires special attention, since it can be easily confused with benign alterations. Therefore, the most effective strategy to reduce its incidence is the timely treatment of predisposing lesions associated with its development, aiming at better aesthetic and functional results and preventing future recurrences.