Prevalence of Preeclampsia Complications: Retrospective Study at EHS Mother and Child Hospital, Laghouat, Algeria

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and complications of preeclampsia in a specialized hospital in Algeria. Methods: Descriptive retrospective study conducted from January 1 to November 30, 2024, at the EHS Mother and Child Hospital in Laghouat. All women who presented with preeclampsia with or without complications were included. Inclusion criteria included gestational hypertension (BP ≥140/90 mmHg) associated with proteinuria (≥300mg/24h). Results: Out of 2,160 deliveries, 157 cases of gestational hypertension were recorded, including 53 cases of preeclampsia (33.75%). The mean age was 34 years (20-43 years), with a predominance of multiparous women (60%). Maternal obstetric complications affected 26.39% of patients: retroplacental hematoma (13.2%), HELLP syndrome (7.54%), eclampsia (3.77%). Fetal complications occurred in 24.52% of cases, dominated by intrauterine growth restriction (15.09%) and intrauterine fetal death (9.43%). All patients received antihypertensive treatment, 15.1% received magnesium sulfate, and 24.5% underwent emergency cesarean section. Conclusion: Preeclampsia presents significant prevalence with important maternal and fetal complications. Rigorous monitoring and early multidisciplinary management are essential to improve maternal-fetal prognosis.