A rare case of concurrent smoldering waldenström macroglobulinemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

Smoldering waldenstrm macroglobulinemia (SWM) and Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) are two common diseases in clinical hematology, but they have distinct clinical and pathological characteristics, and SWM and MDS rarely occur simultaneously. This case report presents a very rare patient with both SWM and MDS, illustrates the confusion and challenges in diagnosing a patient presenting with IgM gammopathy, bone marrow dysplasia and anemia. This case reviews the coexistence WM and MDS/AML, as well as the coexistence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and MDS is reviewed.