ROLE OF MICRORNAS IN THE REGULATION OF GENES ASSOCIATED WITH NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES: A SCOPING REVIEW

Objective: To map and synthesize scientific evidence regarding the role of microRNAs in gene expression regulation associated with neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on mitochondrial microRNAs, exosome-transported microRNAs, and their interactions with RNA-binding proteins. The clinical relevance of microRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets is also addressed. Methods: This scoping review followed the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework and adhered to the PRISMA-ScR checklist. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, identifying 981 records published between January 2020 and April 2025. Results: Sixteen studies met the eligibility criteria and were included. These studies highlight the involvement of microRNAs in mitochondrial bioenergetics, neuroinflammation, and cellular homeostasis. Their expression and function are influenced by genetic variants and regulatory proteins such as TDP-43 and FUS. Current research also explores the challenges and potential of microRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic tools for neurodegenerative diseases. Conclusion: MicroRNAs play a central role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and hold promise both as diagnostic biomarkers and as therapeutic targets. Future research should focus on overcoming challenges related to delivery and specificity to enable clinical application.