Unveiling quantum features of time-dependent electron spins influenced by Zeeman energy and symmetric cross spin

Abstract This paper investigates quantum correlations between two identical spin-1/2 particles linked by long-range dipolar interactions. A time-dependent symmetric cross-spin interaction and an external homogeneous magnetic field that varies with time are also applied to the system. Quantum correlations, such as entanglement, steering, and steered quantum coherence, are quantified using concurrence, three-steering functions, and the l 1 norm measure of coherence, respectively. These quantum correlations are examined based on the direction of interaction for dipole–dipole interactions along either the x -axis or z -axis and are symmetric concerning Zeeman energy along these axes. The maximal bounds of all three quantifiers are obtained by increasing the frequency of the time-dependent and symmetric coupling parameters. These maximal bounds significantly strengthen when considering symmetric and Zeeman interactions along the x -axis; however, the pinnacle of entanglement is reached in perpendicular configurations.