Ensuring innovative development of the national economy through import substitution reserves

Subject. This article discusses instruments, methods, and mechanisms for implementing import substitution policy in the Russian national innovation system. Objectives. The article aims to present a comparative analysis and assessment of the current implementation state of import substitution policies in high-tech industry sectors. Methods. For the study, we used the general scientific methods: description, system analysis, and comparative characterization. Results. The article reveals a significant advantage and superiority of high-tech and medium-tech high-level productions over the medium-sized industries. Conclusions. It is necessary to transfer technologies from leading industries in the international market to sectors of catching-up technological development. The mechanism of such transfer must undergo fine-tuning and adaptation to ensure the effective development of the national economy.