Blockchain-based Application for a Sustainable University: Systematic Review and UCE-Camp Proposal for the Academic Processes of Higher Education Institutions

This study aims to evaluate the potential of blockchain technology in higher education, with a particular focus on its benefits and challenges in academic processes. A systematic literature review was conducted, analyzing 42 key studies selected from a total of 533 academic publications over the past six years. The results indicate that blockchain applications are primarily concentrated in secure certificate issuance, the enhancement of teaching and learning environments, and the transparent management of academic credits and scholarships. The main contribution of this research is the presentation of a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of blockchain integration in the educational domain. Furthermore, it introduces the UCE-Camp model as a sustainable framework designed to improve the efficiency, transparency, and quality of academic operations. The study also identifies existing gaps and challenges, outlining future research directions for the broader adoption of blockchain in higher education.