A Literature Review on Secure Multimedia Communication Using Encryption and Steganography Technique

Abstract—In the digital era, safeguarding confidential data causes major concern as cyber threats and data leaks increase. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on various hybrid approaches that combine cryptography and steganography to RSA, ECC and DES, along with steganographic techniques such as LSB, DWT, DCT and innovative methods to alter images,audio and video. The examined systems aim to achieve high imperceptibility minimal distortion, and robust security by employing multi-layer protection and sophisticated embedding techniques. We examine performance indicators like 2222 PSNR, MSE,SSIM,entropy and BER to evaluate the effectiveness of each method. Researchers also use tools such as MATLAB Python and Java in implementations to demonstrate their functionality. The review concludes that while existing solutions show potential for secure data concealment, a need exists for new models that can operate in real time, scale with demand,and resist attacks. keywords—Cryptography, Steganography, AES, RSA LSB, Secure Communication, Hybrid Encryption