Chronic Anterior Uveitis in A Patient with Treated Leprosy: A Case Report

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that primarily affects the skin, mucous membranes, peripheral nerves, and eyes. Ocular involvement may present in several forms, particularly chronic anterior uveitis, which progresses silently and can lead to visual impairment. We report the case of a 43-year-old male with a history of tuberculoid leprosy (Hansen’s disease), treated with multidrug therapy six years prior, who presented with a painful red right eye and decreased visual acuity. Ophthalmologic examination revealed keratic precipitates, anterior chamber flare, and posterior synechiae without posterior segment involvement. Infectious and inflammatory investigations were negative, while dermatological evaluation showed sequelae of leprosy, including hypopigmented hypoesthetic patches on the hands and feet with finger deformities. The patient was diagnosed with chronic anterior uveitis secondary to treated leprosy and responded favorably to local corticosteroid therapy. This case highlights the possibility of ocular complications even after successful treatment of leprosy and emphasizes the importance of regular ophthalmologic follow-up in these patients.