Effectiveness of adjunctive Xiao-er Kechuanling to terbutaline and montelukast in children with uncontrolled asthma: a prospective observational cohort study

In this observational study, adding XKL to terbutaline and montelukast was associated with significant improvements in asthma control, lung function, and markers of inflammation and airway remodeling in children with uncontrolled asthma over 6 months, with a comparable safety profile. However, due to the observational design and lack of confounder adjustment, these findings indicate association, not causality. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the effectiveness of this adjunctive therapy.