Parameters of the pneumatic accumulator for excavator loading and unloading equipment

One of the most effective methods of developing high-strength soils, including frozen soils, is impact destruction using active-type mechanisms. In this case, the most appropriate application is using impact devices as independent replaceable or modernized loading and unloading equipment for base machines, for example, for excavators with hydraulic drive. The key advantage is the ability to perform a full cycle of work: from the destruction of solid or frozen soil to its direct loading into vehicles or dumps without changing the working implement. After analyzing existing bucket types, we developed an active-type bucket, which was considered to be the design of a hydraulic-pneumatic impact mechanism for loading and unloading equipment. Defined technical specifications of a hydraulic-pneumatic impact mechanism for an active-type bucket take into account both the requirements for the destruction process and the soil loading efficiency. The study presents calculated dependences for determining the main parameters of the pneumatic accumulator of the hydraulic impact mechanism. The most important of these are striker mass, impact energy, gas pressure, and charging pressure. These parameters are necessary to ensure the required impact energy during excavation and reliable operation of the device during the loading cycle. Graphs were presented showing the correlation between pneumatic accumulator length and diameter, and the dependence of pneumatic accumulator energy on charging pressure.