Epidemiological Features of Family Foci of Brucellosis in the Jalal-Abad Region: Territorial and Seasonal Distribution of Morbidity

In 2024, a pronounced seasonality of brucellosis incidence was observed in the region, with a peak during the spring-summer period (May–August). The incidence rates during these months reached 3.0–3.9 cases per 100,000 population, accounting for a significant portion of the annual cases. At the same time, there were substantial differences in the dynamics and incidence rates across districts. The Chatkal and Toguz-Toru districts showed extremely high rates, exceeding the regional average by 7.7–8.6 and 5.6–7.7 times, respectively. Some districts, such as Suzak, Toktogul, Aksu, and the city of Jalal-Abad, had their own unique temporal peaks. A total of 22 family foci of brucellosis were registered, with 52 cases, accounting for 7% of the total number of families, where an average of 2.4 people fell ill. The majority of family foci also occurred during the summer period (42.3%). The geographical distribution of foci showed that the most affected were the Suzak (31.8%), Ala-Buka, and Aksu districts. These differences in seasonality and incidence rates across districts and cities indicate a multifactorial dependence of the epidemic process, associated with occupational activities, animal contacts, and the level of public awareness.