EU Cohesion Policy 2021–2027: Absorption Trends and Structural Challenges in Romania

The study examines the dynamics of European funds absorption in Romania, using official data published by the Ministry of Investments and European Projects as of July 31, 2025.The analysis uses descriptive and applied statistics to assess general progress as well as differences between programs.Findings highlight significant variability in performance and a concentration of absorption around infrastructure programs, while social and digital sectors face persistent delays and compliance challenges.The assessment of financial efficiency reveals notable discrepancies across programs, indicating the need for operational adjustments and strengthened institutional capacity.Projections for the 2025-2027 period suggest that the final trajectory will depend on the administrative ability to streamline procedures, establish strategic priorities, and accelerate implementation.The overarching conclusion emphasizes that optimizing EU funds absorption requires diversifying performance drivers and reducing reliance on a limited number of dominant programs.