The Alternative to Neonicotinoids: Premises for a Sustainable Agricultural Policy in the Romanian Context

The article analyzes the controversies generated by the use of neonicotinoids in Romanian agriculture, in the context of successive derogations issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, in contradiction with European Union regulations on the protection of pollinators.The study starts from the case of the derogation of December 2024 and follows the legal, ecological and socioeconomic implications of the administrative decisions, balancing the divergent positions of the actors involved: authorities, farmers, beekeepers and environmental organizations.By analyzing official documents and public positions of the authorities, the article highlights the tensions between the objectives of agricultural production and the need to protect biodiversity.The preliminary conclusions emphasize the need for a coherent public policy based on scientific data to facilitate the transition to sustainable agricultural practices, without compromising food security or ecosystem health.