Antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Conyza Canadensis ethanolic extract

Background: Medicinal herbs are widely valued for their therapeutic potential Conyza canadensis, with a long history of treating various ailments was the subject of this recent research. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the total phenols and flavonoids, antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxicity activity of Conyza canadensis ethanolic extract in vitro. Methodology: The aerial parts of the plant were extracted with 70% ethanol. The extract was analyzed for total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity using DPPH assay, antimicrobial effects against selected pathogens, and cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells using the MTT assay. Results: The extract showed high phenolic (226.28 ± 12.67 mg/g GAE) and flavonoid content (123.1 ± 16.25 μg/mL). The DPPH assay indicated dose-dependent scavenging activity, surpassing that of vitamin C. Antibacterial activity was moderate to strong, with inhibition zones ranging from 13 mm to 31 mm depending on concentration and organism. The MTT assay revealed significant cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells at higher doses. Conclusion: Conyza canadensis exhibits promising antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic properties attributed to its phytochemical content.