An Optimal Configuration Model For Photovoltaic And Energy Storage Access To The Distribution Network Considering Demand Response And EV Load

This paper presents a collaborative programming model considering price-based demand response for the optimal allocation of photovoltaic and energy storage in distribution networks with a high proportion of flexible electric vehicle (EV) loads. By establishing a mixed-integer linear programming model, with the goal of minimizing the total operating cost of the system, the capacity, access location and EV charging behavior of photovoltaic/energy storage are coordinated and optimized. An elastic coefficient matrix is introduced in the model to quantify users’ responses to time-of-use electricity prices, and a price change rate constraint is set to avoid load peak-valley inversion. Simulations based on a regional distribution system show that demand response significantly reduces reliance on energy storage systems by directing EV loads from peak periods to periods with abundant photovoltaic output. The strategy validates the “virtual energy storage” characteristics of flexible loads and provides new ideas for economic planning of distribution networks with high EV penetration rates.