Multiobjective Optimal Dispatch Strategy for Virtual Power Plants With Environmental Value of Energy Storage Systems

Virtual power plants (VPPs) and energy storage systems (ESSs) have gained increasing attention in recent years. However, few studies explore the collaborative operation of VPPs, ESSs, and consumers under multistakeholder management. To promote effective coordination among VPPs, ESSs, and consumers, a cooperative operation framework for a multistakeholder system is proposed in this article, which develops day-ahead offering models to maximize the benefits of the VPPs, ESSs, and consumers. To reduce carbon emissions of VPPs, a cooptimization approach integrating electricity and carbon markets is proposed in the optimal dispatch model. Meanwhile, to enhance the utilization efficiency and responsiveness of ESSs, an optimal low-carbon dispatch strategy is designed by taking into account the value of energy and environment. The multiobjective conflicts of different stakeholders are addressed by nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). Case studies confirm that the proposed framework significantly enhances the economic performance of all stakeholders. In addition, the integration of electricity–carbon cooptimization and low-carbon dispatching strategies effectively promotes environmental sustainability within the system.