THE PHILOSOPHY OF CONFLICTS AND MODERN WARS

The evolution of science, particularly weapons technology, has transformed traditional wars, commonly understood as wars between two states or between two regular armies, into guerrilla warfare, world wars, preventive or pre-emptive wars, and subsequently into a new mode of warfare, namely, asymmetric wars (Les Guerres Asymétriques). These arise in geographies that enable their continuity and effectiveness, which in turn lay the foundations for failed states (État défaillant, L’État en déliquescence). Within these contexts, parallel armies and terrorist organisations find fertile ground for asserting their existence and ideology, striving to dismantle the nation-state. With these developments in the security and military spheres, both locally and globally, geopolitics assumes a new trajectory in international relations and may even anticipate the redrawing of boundaries.