Multiobjective operation optimization of PV-storage charging stations with demand response integration

In recent years, PV and energy storage systems have been widely integrated into modern charging infrastructure. This study investigates the operation optimization of PV-storage charging stations considering demand response. A multi-objective Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model is formulated, incorporating grid electricity purchase cost, PV curtailment, and dispatchable capacity. The model aims to balance charging costs, grid load, and energy utilization efficiency while ensuring user charging demands and system security. By introducing a demand response mechanism, electric vehicles are guided to participate in load shifting and peak shaving. The strategy optimizes energy storage charging/discharging and EV charging schedules to improve overall system economy and operational flexibility. Simulation results based on typical days demonstrate that the proposed scheme efficaciously mitigates operating expenditures, increases PV utilization, and enhances the charging station’s responsiveness to the grid.