Actor collaboration in the implementation of business licensing integrated with the land use framework: Indonesian case study

Ease of doing business is a pillar of a nation's development. Creating fast, easy, transparent, accountable, and integrated business registration licensing services requires the collaboration of actors across sectors and government levels. This study aims to explain how actor collaboration in business licensing is integrated with the Land Use Framework in Indonesia. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach with a case study method. The results showed that integrated business licensing is a collaborative process between actors from various government institutions, both central and regional. This collaboration is shown through integrating the Online Single Submission Risk-Based Approach (OSS-RBA) system with the spatial system, as well as the active role of actors in synchronizing licensing and spatial utilization. However, implementing this policy faces challenges in the form of a sectoral ego, limited capacity, and unoptimal coordination between actors. For this reason, it is necessary to strengthen collaborative governance through role clarity, capacity building, and coordination between actors. These findings provide implications for formulating business licensing policies in Indonesia to be more adaptive to spatial dynamics and the needs of business actors.