Potential of Coelomic Fluid Extract Sea Cucumber Acaudina sp. (Holothuroidea:Caudinidae) as an Antibacterial

Coelomic fluid is the internal medium of sea cucumbers and has multiple functions, including antimicrobial bioactivity, cytotoxicity, reproductive and stress responses, and osmotic volume regulation across sea cucumber species. Coelomic fluid is rich in coelomocytes, proteins, and small molecules that mediate innate immunity. This research aims to investigate the antibacterial properties of the coelomic fluid extract of Acaudina sp. This research employed the agar diffusion method as an antibacterial assay, followed by phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis. The results of this research indicate that the ethanol extract of coelomic fluid exhibits antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The biggest inhibition zone is against E. coli at 4.75±0.42 mm. The extract of coelomic fluid was indicated to contain saponin and steroid by phytochemical screening. According to GC-MS analysis, there are 20 bioactive compounds, most of which are groups of fatty acid compounds. The most commonly found bioactive ingredients are n-Hexadecanoid acid, Oleic acid, and Tridecanedial. Based on the results, the coelomic fluid extract of Acaudina sp. is not effective enough as an antibacterial agent, but it exhibits a broad-spectrum antibacterial ability.