Optimal scheduling of the coal mine integrated energy system considering electric/thermal flexible loads and multi-energy flow uncertainties

The Coal Mine Integrated Energy System (CMIES) faces multiple challenges, including underutilization of associated energy, the intermittency of renewable generation, and substantial fluctuations in load demand. To address these issues, this paper proposes an optimal scheduling model for CMIES that accounts for flexible loads and multi-energy flow uncertainties. The model systematically integrates associated energy utilization, electric and thermal flexible loads regulation, and source-load uncertainties, overcoming the limitations of fragmented modeling. On the load side, a coordinated electric-thermal peak-valley migration mechanism is designed to implement demand response and peak-valley management. Additionally, a credibility-based fuzzy chance-constrained model is introduced to quantitatively capture the impact of source-load uncertainties, enhancing system resilience under uncertainty disturbances. Case study results demonstrate that the proposed model maintains renewable energy utilization above 96.98 % while reducing total system cost by 20.46 %, significantly improving both economic performance and renewable energy integration, thereby providing methodological guidance and practical pathways for green mine development and the low-carbon transformation of the coal mining industry.