Investigation of a Zonal Thermal‐Electrical Coupling Model for Energy Storage Lithium‐Ion Batteries

ABSTRACT As the capacity and volume of energy storage batteries in energy storage power stations continue to increase, significant thermal non‐uniformity has emerged in prismatic lithium iron phosphate batteries during charge and discharge processes. Considering temperature as a critical factor influencing the reaction rate of electrochemical reactions within lithium‐ion batteries, this research proposes a novel zonal thermal‐electrical coupling model. By implementing zonal processing based on the actual physical structure of lithium‐ion batteries, thermal and electrical models are constructed separately. Temperature data from each zone of the battery are collected to parameterize the model, thereby achieving thermal‐electrical coupling. Validation results demonstrate that this model accurately describes the temperature gradient within the lithium‐ion battery, with an average error of less than 0.63°C in the predicted temperature under complex operating conditions. Furthermore, it accurately reflects the parameter changes during the operation of the battery's electrical model, with an end‐voltage error within 58 mV, and the model's single‐step computation time is only 0.36 ms. This research aims to provide a low‐computational‐cost and accurate method for battery temperature field simulation, offering significant reference value and support for the technological development in the field of energy storage power stations.