Vibration disease from the standpoint of immunopathogenesis

The article describes the features of working conditions, clinical picture, state of the immune profile, and cytokine regulation in vibration disease from the effects of local vibration and its combination with osteoarthritis in the assemblers-riveters of an aircraft manufacturing enterprise. Purpose of the study: to identify the clinical and pathogenetic features and quality of life in vibration disease from the effects of local vibration and its combination with osteoarthritis. Materials and methods. The level of C-reactive protein and rheumatoid factor was studied by the solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). Immune disorders in first and second-degree vibration disease from exposure to local vibration and in combination with osteoarthritis were investigated by methods including the determination of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subpopulations. To assess the cytokine status, the content of interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in the blood serum of the subjects was analyzed. The study of quality of life was conducted using the SF-36 questionnaire. The calculation of the statistical significance of the differences was carried out according to the Mann-Whitney criterion. Results. The prognostic value of changes in the immune profile and cytokine regulation in vibration disease from exposure to local vibration and its combination with osteoarthritis has been established. In case of vibration disease from the effects of local vibration and its combination with osteoarthritis, clinical and pathogenetic changes are characterized by a significant decrease in CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subpopulations and an increase in serum concentrations of IL-1β and IL-8. Conclusions. Taking into account the fact that the development and manifestation of symptoms of vibration disease from the effects of local vibration, with comorbid conditions (which include osteoarthritis), appear later than changes in the immune status are recorded, it is of great practical importance to create dynamic monitoring of health of individuals exposed to industrial vibration. The prognostic value of determining the quality of life in vibration disease from the effects of local vibration and its combination with osteoarthritis has also been established.