Guardianship as a form of care and care for children in difficult life circumstances

The article attempts to reveal patronage as a special form of care and custody of children who find themselves in difficult life circumstances. The concepts of patronage and patronage are distinguished, where «patronage» is proposed to be understood as a form of guardianship over children, and «patronage» as a type of social assistance to a capable individual who, due to health conditions, cannot independently exercise his or her rights and fulfill his or her duties. It has been proven that patronage is a special form of guardianship and care for children who are in difficult life circumstances; other grounds not provided for by current legislation cannot be used to remove a child from his biological family and place him in the family of a patron educator. It is justified that the establishment of patronage does not solve the issue of full compensation for the biological family. This temporary measure is aimed only at mitigating the negative impact on children of those processes taking place in society that negatively affect families. The author emphasizes the social significance of patronage, which lies in the fact that this civil law institution guarantees capable but physically incapable persons favorable conditions for obtaining the necessary legal or other assistance in the process of exercising their rights and fulfilling their duties. It has been established that patronage should be understood as a special form of care for a child who is in difficult life circumstances and therefore requires state protection, which is carried out by placing him in the family of a foster parent, provided that the rights and obligations to protect the rights and interests of the child are distinguished between the authorized foster parenting service and the foster parent. Emphasis is given to the importance of interagency cooperation between guardianship authorities, social services, educational institutions and medical facilities to ensure the effective functioning of patronage and timely response to the needs of the child. The perspectives of patronage development as an alternative form of family upbringing capable of providing a temporary but stable and safe space for a child during the period of overcoming a crisis situation are outlined.