The Use of Expert Systems in the Medical Domain: A Conception Proposed Expert System for Conjoined Twins Surgery

This study aims to propose a scientific framework for developing a national expert system specialized in the surgical separation of conjoined twins, based on the cumulative expertise of the Saudi Conjoined Twins Program. It discusses the concept, components, characteristics, and medical applications of expert systems, alongside a review of existing global models, to demonstrate their value in supporting clinical decisions in highly complex surgeries. Adopting a descriptive-analytical approach, the study offers a practical proposal for designing an intelligent knowledge-based system capable of aiding surgical decisions, preserving clinical expertise, and providing evidence-based recommendations derived from real-world scenarios. The system is also envisioned as an educational and training tool. The study explores the rationale for such a system, its technical architecture, operational mechanism, and potential challenges, concluding with recommendations for collaborative implementation and future development.