Einschätzung von Beschäftigten aus der Pflege zu physischen Belastungen und Akzeptanzfaktoren beim Patiententransfer mittels Exoskelett

Assessment of nursing staff on physical stress and acceptance factors during patient transfer using an exoskeleton – results of the qualitative part of a mixed-methods study Objective: The study investigates the influence of a back-supporting exoskeleton on physical strain and user acceptance during a patient transfer task among nursing staff. It also identifies key aspects for the implementation of this technology. Methods: This mixed-methods study analysed the physical effects (quantitative part) of a passive back-supporting exoskeleton during a simulated wheelchair-to-bed transfer (33 nursing staff) with exoskeleton (Exo), without exoskeleton (Control), and with exoskeleton without support (Exo-Off). Muscle activity (erector spinae, quadratus lumborum, iliocostalis muscles) was measured using electromyography, posture and hip angle were recorded using inertial sensors and the perception of exertion was assessed using the Borg scale.. In an additional qualitative part of the study, guided interviews and subsequent content analysis according to Mayring (2015) and thematic analysis according to Braun and Clarke (2006) were used to enquire about specific requirements, acceptance and implementation factors in nursing care. This article focuses on the qualitative part and the integration of the quantitative and qualitative results which was visualised in a ‘joint display’. Results: The exoskeleton significantly reduced perceived exertion and maximum hip flexion, but did not affect average muscle activity. Qualitatively, carers emphasised that they experienced comfort, support, stability and relief with the exoskeleton. Challenges lay in hygiene, comfort in interaction and organisational framework conditions. Conclusion: The subjective benefit of the exoskeleton shows potential for physical relief in patient care. For successful implementation, various factors such as work processes, storage locations of the exoskeletons, walking routes and the development of skills through training must be taken into account and systematically integrated into everyday care routines. Longterm studies are necessary to clarify the effects on musculoskeletal health, acceptance and specific work scenarios. Keywords: back pain – physical work – nursing profession – prevention – load reduction