A comparative study of the antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles prepared from Moringa oleifera and Spirulina platensis extracts against Aspergillus parasiticus isolated from Egyptian wheat grains

This work aimed to investigate the in vitro antifungal capability of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) that were biosynthesized from extracts of two bioagents (Moringa oleifera and Spirulina platensis) against Aspergillus parasiticus attained from Egyptian wheat grains. A. parasiticus exhibited the most established species, additionally, the metabolite of isolate 3 generated a better quantity of Aflatoxin B1 (899.8 μg·l–1). AgNPs prepared from bioagent extracts inhibited the fungal mycelia and spore germination, even though S. platensis extract was more potent. The extract of S. platensis confirmed 22 phenolic compounds, with epicatechin (3455.9 μg·g–1 DW) recording the largest quantity. In evaluation, M. oleifera leaf extract revealed the existence of 16 phenolic compounds, with chlorogenic acid verifying the very best degree (3250.9 μg·g–1 DW). Fungal mycelia treated with 10% AgNPs showed intense deformation in comparison to the control, as found through scanning and transmission electron microscopy.