Air pollution and chronic kidney disease: An emerging challenge

<h2>Abstract</h2><h3>Background</h3> Air pollution is an emerging risk factor for the rising incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) <h3>Methods</h3> Using keywords, articles were identified through PubMed search up to August 2025. <h3>Results</h3> Evidence from studies suggest an association between air pollution and renal function decline and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. Vulnerable populations are at increased risk of renal injury and adherence to WHO air pollutant thresholds can potentially reduce adverse consequences. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Growing body of evidence points to air pollution as a risk factor for development of CKD. However, more robust studies need to be conducted to establish a causal relationship