How the Chinese government guides the industrialization of perovskite photovoltaic technology: a tripartite game model based on Stackelberg game theory and Prospect theory

Against the backdrop of the global governments accelerating the development of new energy, through policies, how the Chinese government guides the industrialization of perovskite photovoltaic technology is of great significance in promoting the transformation of the energy system. This article establishes a three-party evolutionary game model including three parties, namely the government, PPTE (Perovskite Photovoltaic Technology Enterprises), and TPTE (Traditional Photovoltaic Technology Enterprises), introduces and applies Stackelberg game theory and Prospect theory to modeling, and sets simulation parameters based on real data. By studying the strategies of the three-party evolutionary game subjects, and then further predicting the benefits of the game subjects and the production output of PPTE and TPTE in the future industrialization development, Accordingly, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) Government subsidies are key to the industrialization of perovskite photovoltaic technology, and the transformation costs of TPTE have a significant impact on the strategic decisions of enterprises. (2) The breakthrough of perovskite photovoltaic technology has triggered competition between PPTE and TPTE, and high cooperation costs have affected PPTE's initial market competitiveness, therefore, necessitating multi-party cooperation. (3) The risk assessment and development potential evaluation of perovskite photovoltaic technology is equally important. • Focus on the economics of perovskite photovoltaic industrialization. • Apply Stackelberg game & prospect theory innovatively to evolutionary games. • Forecasted PPTE & TPDE production in perovskite tech's future industrialization.