Comparative Cytotoxicity Assessment of Cobalt-Chromium-Molybdenum Casts Using Elution, Agar Diffusion, and Filter Diffusion Methods

Background/Objectives: Cobalt-Chromium-Molybdenum (CCM) alloys are widely used in dental abutments due to their mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and durability in the harsh oral environment. However, despite these advantages, concerns remain regarding their potential cytotoxic effects. Therefore, we investigated the cytotoxic potential of CCM using three different cytotoxicity tests. Methods: In the current study, three different methods – Elution Method, Agar Diffusion Method, and Filter Diffusion Method - were used to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of CCM casts. Findings: CCM did not show cytotoxicity in any of the 3 assays tested. In the quantitative elution method, the viability was greater than 90%, indicating no cytotoxicity. Both in agar diffusion and filter diffusion methods, there was no qualitative evidence of cytotoxicity. Novelty: This study is the first to examine a detailed cytotoxic effect of CCM cast on cultured cells. The findings provide valuable insights into the safety profile of CCM implants. Keywords: Cytotoxicity, Elution method, Agar diffusion, Filter diffusion, Cobalt­Chromium­ Molybdenum alloy