Relationship of Personal Variables with Their Knowledge and Adoption Level on Recommended Bio-Fertilizers Practices in Paddy Cultivation

Bio-fertilizers are critical to promoting Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) because they increase soil fertility, reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers, and improve ecosystem resilience. The current study was undertaken at Gudiyattam Taluk in Vellore District of Tamil Nadu, to determine the relationship between personal characteristics (age, education, and occupation) and farmers' understanding and acceptance of recommended bio-fertilizers techniques in paddy cultivation. A proportionate random sampling method was used to collect data from 120 respondents via a pre-tested interview schedule. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to assess the nature and strength of the relationships between the selected variables and the dependent parameters. The results showed that half of the respondents (50.00%) were middle-aged, the majority (83.34%) were farmers practicing agriculture as a primary occupation, and 23.33 per cent were illiterate. Statistical research revealed a substantial positive correlation (p < 0.01) between educational status, knowledge, and adoption of recommended bio-fertilizers techniques, but age and occupational position had no significant relationship. The findings show that education is an important factor in encouraging knowledge acquisition and adoption of sustainable farming innovations. Improved farmer education, training, and extension interventions can hasten bio-fertilizers adoption, promoting climate-resilient and environmentally sustainable paddy production systems.