Hybrid Molecular–Electronic Computing Systems and Their Perspectives in Real-Time Medical Diagnosis and Treatment

Advantages in CMOS MOSFET-based electronics served as a basis for modern ubiquitous computerization. At the same time, theoretical and practical developments in material science, analytical chemistry and molecular biology have presented the possibility of applying Boolean logic and information theory findings on a molecular basis. Molecular computing, both organic and inorganic, has the advantages of high computational density, scalability, energy efficiency and parallel computing. Carbon-based and carbohydrate molecular machines are potentially biocompatible and well-suited for biomedical tasks. Molecular computing-enabled sensors, medication-delivery molecular machines, and diagnostic and therapeutic nanobots are at the cutting edge of medical research. Highly focused diagnostics, precision medicine, and personalized treatment can be achieved with molecular computing tools and machinery. At the same time, traditional electronics and AI advancements create a highly effective computerized environment for analyzing big data, assist in diagnostics with sophisticated pattern recognition and step in as a medical routine aid. The combination of the advantages of MOSFET-based electronics and molecular computing creates an opportunity for next-generation healthcare.