Strategic Directions for Addressing Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in India

Recent reports indicate an increase in HMPV circulation, which may impact public health systems and have potential implications for India's already burdened healthcare system. HMPV is one of the etiological agents of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI), especially affecting children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Its pathophysiology involves epithelial cell infection, cytokine-mediated inflammation, and airway dysfunction, leading to clinical manifestations ranging from mild symptoms to severe respiratory distress. This article outlines strategic directions to address the challenges posed by HMPV in India. Strategic initiatives include enhancing healthcare infrastructure for ARI, integrating HMPV testing into existing surveillance frameworks, and initiating targeted public health campaigns. Working with regional partners and international health organizations helps prioritize the adoption of best practices and enables coordinated responses.