Work-Type-Specific Characteristics and Preventive Measures of Industrial Accidents in Small-Scale Landscape Construction

This study analyzes 362 cases of industrial accidents (365 victims) in landscape construction projects reported in the Construction Safety Management Information System (CSI) between July 2019 and June 2025, with the aim of identifying work-type and workplace-size specific characteristics and structural risk factors together with their measures. Special attention is given to the concentration of accidents at small-scale sites, and frequency analysis, cross-tabulation, chi-square tests, and hierarchical cluster analysis were conducted. The results show that approximately 78% of all accidents occurred at sites with fewer than 50 workers. Among the work types, landscape planting (36.4%), facility construction (33.7%), and maintenance (16.2%), occupying about 86% of the total. This indicates that industrial accidents in landscape construction are structurally concentrated in specific work types and small-scale workplaces. Hypothesis testing confirmed that both workplace size and work type significantly affect accident frequency and type, with labor-intensive work types showing particularly high concentrations. Cluster analysis classified the work types into three categories: (1)labor-intensive and high-frequency minor accidents, (2)equipment-intensive and severe accidents, and (3)low-frequency but special hazards. However, work types with very small sample sizes, such as water feature construction (only two cases), present limitations for statistical generalization. While accident frequency was low, potential hazards involving electrical equipment and mechanical tools were identified, requiring careful interpretation and tailored safety management. In conclusion, industrial accidents in landscape construction are not random events but are structurally shaped by work type and workplace size. Therefore, differentiated safety management policies tailored to small-scale sites and customized preventive measures for high-risk work types—particularly planting, facility, and maintenance—are needed. By systematically identifying these structural characteristics, this study provides a foundation for improving safety management systems and developing practical policies applicable to landscape construction sites.